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tools/sctk-2.4.10/src/rttmValidator/rttmValidator.pl 28.3 KB
8dcb6dfcb   Yannick Estève   first commit
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  #!/usr/bin/env perl
  
  # RTTMVALIDATOR
  # Author: Jon Fiscus, Jerome Ajot
  #
  # This software was developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology by 
  # employees of the Federal Government in the course of their official duties. Pursuant
  # to title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code this software is not subject to
  # copyright protection and is in the public domain. RTTMVALIDATOR is an experimental system.
  # NIST assumes no responsibility whatsoever for its use by other parties, and makes no
  # guarantees, expressed or implied, about its quality, reliability, or any other
  # characteristic. We would appreciate acknowledgement if the software is used.
  #
  # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS."  With regard to this software, NIST MAKES NO EXPRESS
  # OR IMPLIED WARRANTY AS TO ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY,
  # OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  
  use warnings;
  use strict;
  use Getopt::Std;
  use Data::Dumper;
  
  my $debug = 0;
  
  my $VERSION = "v13";
  
  my $USAGE = "
  
  $0 [-useh] -i <RTTM file>
  
  ".
      "Version: $VERSION
  ".
      "Description: This Perl program (version $VERSION) validates a given RTTM file.
  ".
      "\tNote that the program will exit after it finds all the syntax errors or
  ".
      "\twhen it finds the first logic error.
  ".
      "Options:
  ".
      "  -u            : disable check that ensures all LEXEMEs belong to some SU object
  ".
      "  -s            : disable check that ensures all LEXEMEs belong to some SPEAKER object
  ".
      "  -p            : disable check that ensures all speakers defined in SPKR-INFO object
  ".
      "  -e            : disable check that ensure there is an IP for each EDIT and each FILLER object
  ".
      "  -f            : disable check that ensures the file columc matches the filename
  ".
      "  -S            : allow SCTK enhancements to allow multiple itme notations in LEXEME tags
  ".
  	"  -h            : print this help message
  ".
      "Input:
  ".
      "  -i <RTTM file>: an RTTM file
  
  ";
  
  #my $NUM_FIELDS = 9; # count from 1
  #number of fields can be 9 or 10 (with the SLAT)
  
  my $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD = 0.000999999;
  
  my $checkFileName = 1;   ### Check the filename against the file column
  
  my %SORT_ORDER = ("NOSCORE"         =>  0,
  		  "NO_RT_METADATA"  =>  1,
  		  "SEGMENT"         =>  2,
  		  "SPEAKER"         =>  3,
  		  "SU"              =>  4,
  		  "A/P"             =>  5,
  		  "CB"              =>  6,
  		  "IP"              =>  7,
  		  "EDIT"            =>  8,
  		  "FILLER"          =>  9,
  		  "NON-SPEECH"      => 10,
  		  "NON-LEX"         => 11,
  		  "LEXEME"          => 12,
  		  "SPKR-INFO"       => 13);
  
  ########################################################
  # Main
  #
  ########################################################
  {
      my ($date, $time) = date_time_stamp();
      my $commandline = join(" ", @ARGV);
  
      use vars qw ($opt_i $opt_u $opt_s $opt_e $opt_h $opt_f $opt_t $opt_p $opt_S);
      getopts('i:usevhftpS');
      die ("$USAGE") if ($opt_h) || (! $opt_i);
  
      my @mde_types = ();
      push (@mde_types, "SU") if ! $opt_u;
      push (@mde_types, "SPEAKER") if ! $opt_s;
      push (@mde_types, "EDIT") if ! $opt_e;
      $checkFileName = ! $opt_f if $opt_f;
      my $allowSCTKExtensions = 1 if $opt_S;
  
  	if (! $opt_t)
      {
      	print "$0 (version $VERSION) run on $date at $time
  ";
     		print "command line:  ", $0, " (version ", $VERSION, ") ", $commandline, "
  ";
  	}
  	
      my (%rttm_data, $data_domain);
      get_rttm_data(\%rttm_data, \$data_domain, $opt_i, $allowSCTKExtensions);
  
      # debug
      #
      my $count;
      if ($debug) {
  #	print Dumper(%rttm_data);
  	foreach my $src (keys %rttm_data) {
  	    foreach my $chnl (keys %{$rttm_data{$src}}) {
  		foreach my $spkr (keys %{$rttm_data{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		    foreach my $type (keys %{$rttm_data{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  			$count = 0;
  			foreach my $obj (@{$rttm_data{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			    print "[$src $chnl $spkr $type $count]\t$obj->{TYPE}\t$obj->{SRC}\t$obj->{CHNL}\t$obj->{TBEG}\t$obj->{TDUR}\t$obj->{ORTHO}\t$obj->{STYPE}\t$obj->{SPKR}\t$obj->{CONF}
  ";
  			    $count++;
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
  
      if (check_syntax_errors(\%rttm_data, $data_domain, $opt_i, $allowSCTKExtensions) &&
  	check_logic_errors(\%rttm_data, \@mde_types)){
  	exit 0;
      }
      exit 1;
  }
  
  ########################################################
  # Subroutines
  #
  ########################################################
  sub get_rttm_data {
  
      # read the RTTM file
      #
      my ($data, $domain, $file) = @_;
  
      my (@fields, $obj);
  
      my $line_num = 0;
  
      ${$domain} = "";
  
      open DATA, "$file" or die ("ERROR: Unable to open file $file
  ");
      while (<DATA>) {
  	$line_num++;
  	chomp;
  	if (/^\s*;;\s*EXP-ID:\s*(.*)/) {
  	    my $exp_id = $1;
  	    if ($exp_id =~ /bnews/i) {
  		${$domain} = "bn";
  	    } elsif ($exp_id =~ /cts/i) {
  		${$domain} = "cts";
  	    }
  	} elsif (! /^\s*;;/ && ! /^\s*$/) {
  	    @fields = split;
  	    undef $obj;
  	    $obj->{FIELD_COUNT} = scalar (@fields);
              $obj->{LOC} = "line $line_num";
  	    $obj->{TYPE} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{SRC} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{CHNL} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{TBEG} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{TDUR} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{ORTHO} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{STYPE} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{SPKR} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{CONF} = shift @fields;
  	    $obj->{SLAT} = shift @fields;
  	    push (@{$data->{$obj->{SRC}}{$obj->{CHNL}}{$obj->{SPKR}}{$obj->{TYPE}}}, $obj);
  	}
      }
      close DATA;
  }
  
  sub check_syntax_errors {
      # check for syntax errors such as missing fields,
      # invalid field values, etc.
      # 
      my ($data, $domain, $file, $allowSCTKExtensions) = @_;
  
      my $pass = 1;
  
      $file =~ s/\.[^\.]*$//;
      $file =~ s/.*\///;
  
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			# make sure that we have the correct number of fields
  			#
  #			if ($obj->{FIELD_COUNT} != $NUM_FIELDS) {
  			if( ($obj->{FIELD_COUNT} != 9) && ($obj->{FIELD_COUNT} != 10) ){
  			    print "ERROR: This record has $obj->{FIELD_COUNT} fields instead of the required 9 or 10 fields; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  			    $pass = 0;
  			}
  			
  			# for the following checks to work, all the fields must be defined
  			#
  			if (defined ($obj->{TYPE}) && defined ($obj->{SRC}) &&
  			    defined ($obj->{CHNL}) && defined ($obj->{TBEG}) &&
  			    defined ($obj->{TDUR}) && defined ($obj->{ORTHO}) &&
  			    defined ($obj->{STYPE}) && defined ($obj->{SPKR}) &&
  			    defined ($obj->{CONF})) {
  
  			    # make sure the type field is a valid RTTM type
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{TYPE} !~ /^(SEGMENT|NOSCORE|NO_RT_METADATA|LEXEME|NON-LEX|NON-SPEECH|FILLER|EDIT|SU|IP|CB|A\/P|SPEAKER|SPKR-INFO)$/i) {
  				print "ERROR: Invalid RTTM type '$obj->{TYPE}'; see field (0) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure the source field matches the base filename.
  			    # This won't work if people concat all the files into one.
  			    # Make it a warning instead
  			    #
  			    if ($checkFileName && $obj->{SRC} !~ /^$file$/i) {
  				print "WARNING: Source field '$obj->{SRC}' doesn't match the input file's base filename '$file'; see field (2) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure the channel ID has a value of 1 or 2 but 1 for BN data
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{CHNL} !~ /^(1|2)$/) {
  				print "ERROR: Invalid channel ID; see field (3) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    } elsif ($domain =~ /bn/i && $obj->{CHNL} != 1) {
  				print "ERROR: Expected channel ID to be 1 for BN data; see field (3) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure that if it's a SPKR-INFO the start time is <NA>
  			    # else the start time must be a number and is non-negative
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /SPKR-INFO/i) {
  				if ($obj->{TBEG} !~ /<NA>/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: $obj->{TYPE} should not have any start time; see field (4) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } else {
  				if ($obj->{TBEG} !~ /^(\-{0,1}\d+\.?\d*|\-{0,1}\.\d+)\**$/) {
  				    print "ERROR: Expected start time to be a number; see field (4) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				} else {
  				    my $tbeg = $obj->{TBEG};
  				    $tbeg =~ s/\*//;
  				    if ($tbeg < 0) {
  					print "ERROR: Negative start time; see field (4) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  					$pass = 0;
  				    }
  				}
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure that if it's a SPKR-INFO, an IP, or a CB the duration is <NA>
  			    # else the duration must be a number and is non-negative
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /(SPKR-INFO|IP|CB)/i) {
  				if ($obj->{TDUR} !~ /^<NA>$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: $obj->{TYPE} should not have any duration; see field (5) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } else {
  				if ($obj->{TDUR} !~ /^(\-{0,1}\d+\.?\d*|\-{0,1}\.\d+)\**$/) {
  				    print "ERROR: Expected duration to be a number; see field (5) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				} else {
  				    my $tdur = $obj->{TDUR};
  				    $tdur =~ s/\*//;
  				    if ($tdur < 0) {
  					print "ERROR: Negative duration; see field (5) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  					$pass = 0;
  				    }
  				}
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure that if it's not a LEXEME or a NON-LEX it doesn't have any orthography
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /(SEGMENT|NOSCORE|NO_RT_METADATA|NON-SPEECH|FILLER|EDIT|SU|IP|CB|A\/P|SPEAKER|SPKR-INFO)/i) {
  				if ($obj->{ORTHO} !~ /^<NA>$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Value for the orthography field for $obj->{TYPE} should be <NA>; see field (6) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure the subtype for various type is valid
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /SEGMENT/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(eval|<NA>)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /(NOSCORE|NO_RT_METADATA|SPEAKER)/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^<NA>$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /A\/P/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^<NA>$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /LEXEME/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(lex|fp|frag|un-lex|for-lex|alpha|acronym|interjection|propernoun|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} =~ /alpha/i && $obj->{ORTHO} !~ /^([A-Z]\.|[A-Z]\.\'*s|[\x80-\xff]{2}\.|<NA>)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid orthography for alpha $obj->{TYPE}; see field (6) '$obj->{ORTHO}' in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  			        } 
  				my $ww = '[\[\]A-Z\.\-\'\x80-\xff]+';
  				if (! $allowSCTKExtensions){
  				    if ($obj->{ORTHO} !~ /^(${ww}|<NA>|%?[A-Z\.\x80-\xff]+-?)$/i) {
  					print "WARNING: Invalid orthography for $obj->{TYPE}; see field (6) '$obj->{ORTHO}' in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    }
  				} else {
  				    ### Destructively handle recursive alternations
  				    my $_t = $obj->{ORTHO};
  				    my $altExp = "\\{((_${ww})+_\\/)*(_${ww})+_\\}";
  				    while ($_t =~ s/_${altExp}_/_/g){ ; }
  				    if ($_t !~ /^(${ww}|(${ww}_)*$ww|$altExp|<NA>|%?[A-Z\.\x80-\xff]+-?)$/i) {
  					print "WARNING: Invalid orthography with SCTK Extensions for $obj->{TYPE}; see field (6) '$obj->{ORTHO}' in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    }
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /NON-LEX/i) {
  				#### fix lipsmack!!!!
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(laugh|breath|lipsmack|cough|sneeze|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype $obj->{STYPE}; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /NON-SPEECH/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(noise|music|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /FILLER/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(filled_pause|discourse_marker|explicit_editing_term|discourse_response|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /EDIT/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(repetition|restart|revision|simple|complex|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /SU/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(statement|question|incomplete|backchannel|unannotated|discourse_response|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /IP/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(edit|filler|edit\&filler|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /CB/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(coordinating|clausal|other)$/i) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    } elsif ($obj->{TYPE} =~ /SPKR-INFO/i) {
  				if ($obj->{STYPE} !~ /^(adult_male|adult_female|child|unknown)$/) {
  				    print "ERROR: Invalid $obj->{TYPE} subtype; see field (7) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure that the confidence field is a number it's from 0-1 else it's <NA>
  			    #
  			    if ($obj->{CONF} !~ /<NA>/) {
  				if ($obj->{CONF} !~ /^(\-{0,1}\d+\.?\d*|\-{0,1}\.\d+)$/) {
  				    print "ERROR: Expected confidence value to be a number or <NA>; see field (9) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				} elsif ($obj->{CONF} < 0 || $obj->{CONF} > 1) {
  				    print "ERROR: Expected confidence value to be [0,1]; see field (9) in $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				    $pass = 0;
  				}
  			    }
  			    
  			    # make sure that the speaker id field for certain types match the speaker id
  			    # given in the SPKR-INFO object
  			    #
  			    if( ! $opt_p )
  			    {
  					if ($type !~ /(SPKR-INFO|NOSCORE|NONSPEECH)/i && ! find_speaker($obj->{SPKR}, $data) ) {
  					print "ERROR: Speaker $obj->{SPKR} doesn't match any of the speaker IDs in SPKR-INFO objects; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  					$pass = 0;
  				}
  			    }
  			}
                      }
                  }
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub check_logic_errors {
      # check for logic errors such as overlapping words from the same speaker, etc.
      #
      my ($data, $mde_types) = @_;
  
      # sort the data 
      #
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
          foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach  my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    if ($type !~ /SPKR-INFO/i) {
  			@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}} = 
  			    sort {$a->{TBEG} <=> $b->{TBEG}} @{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}};
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
  
      if (check_metadata_overlap($data) &&
  	check_metadata_content($data) &&
  	check_partial_word_coverage($data) &&
  	check_noscore_overlap($data)) {
  	foreach my $type (@$mde_types) {
  	    if ($type =~ /(SU|SPEAKER)/i) {
  		if (! ensure_word_covered_by_metadata_of_type($data, $type)) {
  		    return 0;
  		}
  	    }
  	    if ($type =~ /(EDIT|FILLER)/i) {
  		if (! ensure_ip_existed_for_edit_and_filler($data)) {
  		    return 0;
  		}
  	    }
  	}
  	return 1;
      } else {
  	return 0;
      }
  }
  
  sub check_metadata_overlap {
      # check if two metadata objects of the same type
      # from the same speaker overlap
      #
      my ($data) = @_;
  
      my $pass = 1;
  
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    if ($type !~ /SPKR-INFO/i) {
  			my $prev_etime = 0;
  			foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			    if (($prev_etime - $obj->{TBEG}) > $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD) {
  				print "ERROR: Speaker $spkr has ${type}s ending at $prev_etime and starting at $obj->{TBEG}; ${type}s overlap; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			    if ($type =~ /(CB|IP)/i) {
  				$prev_etime = $obj->{TBEG};
  			    } else {
  				$prev_etime = $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR};
  			    }
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub check_metadata_content {
      # check if a metadata object of type SU, EDIT, or FILLER contains any words.
      # The words could be missing or simply didn't get transcribed
      #
      my ($data) = @_;
  
      my $pass = 1;
  
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    if ($type =~ /(SU|EDIT|FILLER)/i) {
  			foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			    if (! find_word($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{LEXEME}, $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR})) {
  				print "ERROR: $type at $obj->{TBEG} contains no words; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub check_partial_word_coverage {
      # check if a given word partially overlaps with
      # any metadata object of type SU, EDIT, or FILLER
      #
      my ($data) = @_;
      
      my $pass = 1;
      
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    if ($type =~ /LEXEME/i) {
  			foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			    foreach my $mde_type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  				if ($mde_type =~ /(SU|EDIT|FILLER)/i) {
  				    if (find_partial_coverage($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$mde_type}, $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR})) {
  					print "ERROR: Word at $obj->{TBEG} is partially covered by $mde_type object; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  					$pass = 0;
  				    }
  				}
  			    }
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub check_noscore_overlap {
      # check if a metadata object of type
      # SU, EDIT, FILLER, SPEAKER, LEXEME, NONLEX, NONSPEECH
      # partially overlap with noscore regions
      #
      my ($data) = @_;
  
      my $pass = 1;
  
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    next if (! defined ($data->{$src}{$chnl}{"<NA>"}{NOSCORE}));
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    if ($type =~ /(SU|EDIT|FILLER|SPEAKER|LEXEME|NON-LEX|NON-SPEECH)/i) {
  			foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			    if (find_partial_coverage($data->{$src}{$chnl}{"<NA>"}{NOSCORE}, $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR})) {
  				print "ERROR: Speaker $spkr has $type partially overlapping with NOSCORE tag at $obj->{TBEG}; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub ensure_word_covered_by_metadata_of_type {
      # make sure that all words belong to some metadata object of the given type.
      #
      my ($data, $mde_type) = @_;
  
      my $pass = 1;
  
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $type (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}}) {
  		    if ($type =~ /LEXEME/i) {
  			foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$type}}) {
  			    if (! find_type($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{$mde_type}, $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR})) {
  				print "ERROR: Word at $obj->{TBEG} doesn't belong to any $mde_type object; see $obj->{LOC}
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub ensure_ip_existed_for_edit_and_filler {
      # make sure that for each EDIT or FILLER there is
      # a valid IP that follows or precedes it
      #
      my ($data) = @_;
  
      my $pass = 1;
  
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		if (exists($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{SU})) {
  		    my @sus = @{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{SU}};
  		    for (my $i = 0; $i < @sus; $i++) {
  #			print "SU $sus[$i]->{TBEG}
  ";
  			my @edits = ();
  			my @fillers = ();
  			my @ips = ();
  			if (exists($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{EDIT})) {
  			    @edits = extract_mde_of_type($sus[$i]->{TBEG},
  							 $sus[$i]->{TBEG} + $sus[$i]->{TDUR},
  							 $i,
  							 "EDIT",
  							 $data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{EDIT},
  							 \@sus);
  			}
  			if (exists($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{FILLER})) {
  			    @fillers = extract_mde_of_type($sus[$i]->{TBEG},
  							   $sus[$i]->{TBEG} + $sus[$i]->{TDUR},
  							   $i,
  							   "FILLER",
  							   $data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{FILLER},
  							   \@sus);
  			}
  			if (exists($data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{IP})) {
  			    @ips = extract_mde_of_type($sus[$i]->{TBEG},
  						       $sus[$i]->{TBEG} + $sus[$i]->{TDUR},
  						       $i,
  						       "IP",
  						       $data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{IP},
  						       \@sus);
  			}
  #			print "edits
  ";
  #			print Dumper(@edits);
  #			print "fillers
  ";
  #			print Dumper(@fillers);
  #			print "ips
  ";
  #			print Dumper(@ips);
  			
  			foreach my $obj (@edits) {
  			    my ($status, $ip_stype, $ip_pos) = find_object($obj->[0], $obj->[1], \@ips);
  			    if ($status == 1) {
  #				print "$status, edit_type=$obj->[1] ip_stype=$ip_stype $ip_pos
  ";
  				if ($ip_stype =~ /^EDIT$/i) {
  #				    print "case 1
  ";
  				    $obj->[4] = 1;
  				    $ips[$ip_pos]->[4] = 1;
  				} elsif ($ip_stype =~ /^EDIT&FILLER$/i) {
  				    foreach my $obj2 (@fillers) {
  					my ($status2, $filler_type, $filler_pos) = find_object($obj->[0], "FILLER", \@fillers);
  					if ($status2 == 1) {
  #					    print "$status2, filler_type=FILLER filler_type=$filler_type $filler_pos
  ";
  #					    print "case 2
  ";
  					    $obj->[4] = 1;
  					    $ips[$ip_pos]->[4] = 1;
                                              $fillers[$filler_pos]->[4] = 1;
  					}
  				    }
  				}
  			    }
  			}
  			
  			foreach my $obj (@fillers) {
  			    my ($status, $ip_stype, $ip_pos) = find_object($obj->[0], $obj->[1], \@ips);
  			    if ($status == 1) {
  #				print "$status, filler type=$obj->[1] ip stype=$ip_stype, $ip_pos
  ";
  #				print "case 3
  ";
  
  				if ($ip_stype =~ /^FILLER$/i) {
  				    $obj->[4] = 1;
  				    $ips[$ip_pos]->[4] = 1;
  				}
  			    }
  			}
  
  			foreach my $obj (@edits) {
  			    if ($obj->[4] == 0) {
  				print "ERROR: EDIT at $obj->[2] doesn't have a matching IP; see $obj->[3]
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			}
  			foreach my $obj (@fillers) {
  			    if ($obj->[4] == 0) {
  				print "ERROR: FILLER at $obj->[2] doesn't have a matching IP; see $obj->[3]
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			}
  			foreach my $obj (@ips) {
  			    if ($obj->[4] == 0) {
  				print "ERROR: IP at $obj->[2] doesn't have a matching EDIT and/or FILLER; see line $obj->[3]
  ";
  				$pass = 0;
  			    }
  			}
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      if (! $pass) {
  	print "Validation aborted
  ";
      }
      return $pass;
  }
  
  sub find_object {
      my ($time, $type, $data1) = @_;
  #    print "find object ------------
  ";
  #    print "  $time $type
  ";
      for (my $i=0; $i < @$data1; $i++) {
  #	print "      ${$data1}[$i]->[0]
  ";
  	if (abs(${$data1}[$i]->[0] - $time) < $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD &&
  	    ${$data1}[$i]->[4] != 1) {
  #            print "      found
  ";
  	    return (1, ${$data1}[$i]->[1], $i);
  	}
      }
      return (0, undef, undef);
  }
  
  sub find_partial_coverage {
      # determine if a given object (indicated by its start and end times)
      # partially overlap with any object of the given type
      #
      my ($data, $start, $end) = @_;
  
      my $obj;
  
      foreach $obj (@{$data}) {
  	my $curr_beg = $obj->{TBEG};
  	my $curr_end = $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR};
  
  	# case 1       #########
  	#        ####
          #
  	# case 2 ########
  	#                 ####
  	#
  	# case 3 ########
  	#          ####
  	#
  	# everything else is partially covered
  	#
  	if (less_than($end, $curr_beg) || equal_to($end, $curr_beg)) {
  	    # case 1
  	    next;
  	} elsif (greater_than($start, $curr_end) || equal_to($start, $curr_end)) {
  	    # case 2
  	    next;
  	} elsif ( ( greater_than($start, $curr_beg) || equal_to($start, $curr_beg) ) &&
  		  ( less_than($end, $curr_end) || equal_to($end, $curr_end) ) ) {
  	    # case 3
  	    next;
  	} else {
  	    # others
  	    return 1;
  	}
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub find_type {
      # determine if a given word (indicated by its start and end times)
      # belongs to any metadata object of the given type
      #
      my ($data, $token_start, $token_end) = @_;
  
      foreach my $mde_obj (@{$data}) {
  	if ($token_start + $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD >= $mde_obj->{TBEG} &&
  	    $token_end - $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD <= $mde_obj->{TBEG} + $mde_obj->{TDUR}) {
  	    return 1;
  	}
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub find_word {
      # determine if a given metadata object (indicated by its start and end times)
      # contains any word
      #
      my ($data, $mde_obj_start, $mde_obj_end) = @_;
  
      foreach my $token (@{$data}) {
  	if ($token->{TBEG} + $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD >= $mde_obj_start &&
  	    $token->{TBEG} + $token->{TDUR} - $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD <= $mde_obj_end) {
  	    return 1;
  	}
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub find_ip {
      # determine if an IP is at the time given
      #
      my ($data, $tbeg, $tend, $target) = @_;
      if ($tbeg && $tend && $target) {
  	foreach my $ip (@{$data}) {
  	    if ( $tbeg <= $ip->{TBEG} &&
  		 $ip->{TBEG} <= $tend &&
  		 abs($ip->{TBEG} - $target) < $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD ) {
  		return $ip;
  	    }
  	}
      }
      return undef;
  }
  
  sub find_speaker {
      # determine if a given speaker is in the data
      #
      my ($src_spkr, $data) = @_;
  
      my ($curr_spkr);
      foreach my $src (keys %{$data}) {
  	foreach my $chnl (keys %{$data->{$src}}) {
  	    foreach my $spkr (keys %{$data->{$src}{$chnl}}) {
  		foreach my $obj (@{$data->{$src}{$chnl}{$spkr}{'SPKR-INFO'}}) {
  		    $curr_spkr = $obj->{SPKR};
  		    if ($src_spkr =~ /^$curr_spkr$/i) {
  			return 1;
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub extract_mde_of_type {
      # for a given SU (indicated by its begin and end times)
      # return all the MDE objects of the given type in that SU
      #
      my ($su_tbeg, $su_tend, $su_pos, $mde_type, $data, $sus) = @_;
      my @ip_time = ();
      if ($mde_type =~ /EDIT/i) {
  	foreach my $obj (@$data) {
  	    if ( (greater_than($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tbeg) || equal_to ($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tbeg)) &&
  		 (less_than($obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR}, $su_tend) || equal_to ($obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR}, $su_tend)) ) {
  		push (@ip_time, [ $obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR}, uc($obj->{TYPE}), $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{LOC}, 0 ]);
  	    }
  	}
      } elsif ($mde_type =~ /FILLER/i) {
  	foreach my $obj (@$data) {
  	    if ( (greater_than($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tbeg) || equal_to ($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tbeg)) &&
  		 (less_than($obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR}, $su_tend) || equal_to ($obj->{TBEG} + $obj->{TDUR}, $su_tend)) ) {
  		push (@ip_time, [ $obj->{TBEG}, uc($obj->{TYPE}), $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{LOC}, 0 ]);
  	    }
  	}
      } elsif ($mde_type =~ /IP/i) {
  	foreach my $obj (@$data) {
  	    if ( (greater_than($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tbeg) && less_than($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tend) ) ||
  		 equal_to($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tbeg) ) {
  		push (@ip_time, [ $obj->{TBEG}, uc($obj->{STYPE}), $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{LOC}, 0 ]);
  	    } elsif ( equal_to($obj->{TBEG}, $su_tend) ) {
  		if ($su_pos + 1 <= scalar($sus)) {
  		    if ( equal_to($su_tend, $sus->[$su_pos + 1]->{TBEG}) &&
  			 $obj->{STYPE} !~ /filler/i ) {
  			push (@ip_time, [ $obj->{TBEG}, uc($obj->{STYPE}), $obj->{TBEG}, $obj->{LOC}, 0 ]);
  		    }
  		}
  	    }
  	}
      }
      return @ip_time;
  }
  
  sub sort_data {
     return ($a->{TBEG} < $b->{TBEG} - $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD ? -1 :
  	   ($a->{TBEG} > $b->{TBEG} + $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD ?  1 :
  	    $SORT_ORDER{$a->{TYPE}} <=> $SORT_ORDER{$b->{TYPE}}));
  }
  
  sub less_than {
      # if a < b return 1
      #
      my ($a, $b) = @_;
      if ($a + $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD < $b) {
  	return 1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub greater_than {
      # if a > b return 1
      #
      my ($a, $b) = @_;
      if ($a > $b + $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD) {
  	return 1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub equal_to {
      # if a == b return 1
      #
      my ($a, $b) = @_;
      if ( abs($a - $b) < $ROUNDING_THRESHOLD) {
  	return 1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  sub date_time_stamp {
      my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime();
      my @months = qw(Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec);
      my ($date, $time);
  
      $time = sprintf "%2.2d:%2.2d:%2.2d", $hour, $min, $sec;
      $date = sprintf "%4.4s %3.3s %s", 1900+$year, $months[$mon], $mday;
      return ($date, $time);
  }