train.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2016 Vijayaditya Peddinti.
# 2016 Vimal Manohar
# Apache 2.0.
""" This script is based on steps/nnet3/chain/train.sh
"""
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import logging
import os
import pprint
import shutil
import sys
import traceback
sys.path.insert(0, 'steps')
import libs.nnet3.train.common as common_train_lib
import libs.common as common_lib
import libs.nnet3.train.chain_objf.acoustic_model as chain_lib
import libs.nnet3.report.log_parse as nnet3_log_parse
logger = logging.getLogger('libs')
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
handler = logging.StreamHandler()
handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s [%(pathname)s:%(lineno)s - "
"%(funcName)s - %(levelname)s ] %(message)s")
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.info('Starting chain model trainer (train.py)')
def get_args():
""" Get args from stdin.
We add compulsary arguments as named arguments for readability
The common options are defined in the object
libs.nnet3.train.common.CommonParser.parser.
See steps/libs/nnet3/train/common.py
"""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="""Trains RNN and DNN acoustic models using the 'chain'
objective function.""",
formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter,
conflict_handler='resolve',
parents=[common_train_lib.CommonParser().parser])
# egs extraction options
parser.add_argument("--egs.chunk-width", type=str, dest='chunk_width',
default="20",
help="""Number of frames per chunk in the examples
used to train the RNN. Caution: if you double this you
should halve --trainer.samples-per-iter. May be
a comma-separated list of alternatives: first width
is the 'principal' chunk-width, used preferentially""")
# chain options
parser.add_argument("--chain.lm-opts", type=str, dest='lm_opts',
default=None, action=common_lib.NullstrToNoneAction,
help="options to be be passed to chain-est-phone-lm")
parser.add_argument("--chain.l2-regularize", type=float,
dest='l2_regularize', default=0.0,
help="""Weight of regularization function which is the
l2-norm of the output of the network. It should be used
without the log-softmax layer for the outputs. As
l2-norm of the log-softmax outputs can dominate the
objective function.""")
parser.add_argument("--chain.xent-regularize", type=float,
dest='xent_regularize', default=0.0,
help="Weight of regularization function which is the "
"cross-entropy cost the outputs.")
parser.add_argument("--chain.right-tolerance", type=int,
dest='right_tolerance', default=5, help="")
parser.add_argument("--chain.left-tolerance", type=int,
dest='left_tolerance', default=5, help="")
parser.add_argument("--chain.leaky-hmm-coefficient", type=float,
dest='leaky_hmm_coefficient', default=0.00001,
help="")
parser.add_argument("--chain.apply-deriv-weights", type=str,
dest='apply_deriv_weights', default=True,
action=common_lib.StrToBoolAction,
choices=["true", "false"],
help="")
parser.add_argument("--chain.frame-subsampling-factor", type=int,
dest='frame_subsampling_factor', default=3,
help="ratio of frames-per-second of features we "
"train on, to chain model's output")
parser.add_argument("--chain.alignment-subsampling-factor", type=int,
dest='alignment_subsampling_factor',
default=3,
help="ratio of frames-per-second of input "
"alignments to chain model's output")
parser.add_argument("--chain.left-deriv-truncate", type=int,
dest='left_deriv_truncate',
default=None,
help="Deprecated. Kept for back compatibility")
# trainer options
parser.add_argument("--trainer.input-model", type=str,
dest='input_model', default=None,
action=common_lib.NullstrToNoneAction,
help="If specified, this model is used as initial "
"'raw' model (0.raw in the script) instead of "
"initializing the model from the xconfig. "
"Also configs dir is not expected to exist "
"and left/right context is computed from this "
"model.")
parser.add_argument("--trainer.num-epochs", type=float, dest='num_epochs',
default=10.0,
help="Number of epochs to train the model")
parser.add_argument("--trainer.frames-per-iter", type=int,
dest='frames_per_iter', default=800000,
help="""Each iteration of training, see this many
[input] frames per job. This option is passed to
get_egs.sh. Aim for about a minute of training
time""")
parser.add_argument("--trainer.num-chunk-per-minibatch", type=str,
dest='num_chunk_per_minibatch', default='128',
help="""Number of sequences to be processed in
parallel every minibatch. May be a more general
rule as accepted by the --minibatch-size option of
nnet3-merge-egs; run that program without args to see
the format.""")
# Parameters for the optimization
parser.add_argument("--trainer.optimization.initial-effective-lrate",
type=float, dest='initial_effective_lrate',
default=0.0002,
help="Learning rate used during the initial iteration")
parser.add_argument("--trainer.optimization.final-effective-lrate",
type=float, dest='final_effective_lrate',
default=0.00002,
help="Learning rate used during the final iteration")
parser.add_argument("--trainer.optimization.shrink-value", type=float,
dest='shrink_value', default=1.0,
help="""Scaling factor used for scaling the parameter
matrices when the derivative averages are below the
shrink-threshold at the non-linearities. E.g. 0.99.
Only applicable when the neural net contains sigmoid or
tanh units.""")
parser.add_argument("--trainer.optimization.shrink-saturation-threshold",
type=float,
dest='shrink_saturation_threshold', default=0.40,
help="""Threshold that controls when we apply the
'shrinkage' (i.e. scaling by shrink-value). If the
saturation of the sigmoid and tanh nonlinearities in
the neural net (as measured by
steps/nnet3/get_saturation.pl) exceeds this threshold
we scale the parameter matrices with the
shrink-value.""")
# RNN-specific training options
parser.add_argument("--trainer.deriv-truncate-margin", type=int,
dest='deriv_truncate_margin', default=None,
help="""(Relevant only for recurrent models). If
specified, gives the margin (in input frames) around
the 'required' part of each chunk that the derivatives
are backpropagated to. If unset, the derivatives are
backpropagated all the way to the boundaries of the
input data. E.g. 8 is a reasonable setting. Note: the
'required' part of the chunk is defined by the model's
{left,right}-context.""")
# General options
parser.add_argument("--feat-dir", type=str, required=True,
help="Directory with features used for training "
"the neural network.")
parser.add_argument("--tree-dir", type=str, required=True,
help="""Directory containing the tree to use for this
model (we also expect final.mdl and ali.*.gz in that
directory""")
parser.add_argument("--lat-dir", type=str, required=True,
help="Directory with numerator lattices "
"used for training the neural network.")
parser.add_argument("--dir", type=str, required=True,
help="Directory to store the models and "
"all other files.")
print(' '.join(sys.argv))
print(sys.argv)
args = parser.parse_args()
[args, run_opts] = process_args(args)
return [args, run_opts]
def process_args(args):
""" Process the options got from get_args()
"""
if not common_train_lib.validate_chunk_width(args.chunk_width):
raise Exception("--egs.chunk-width has an invalid value")
if not common_train_lib.validate_minibatch_size_str(args.num_chunk_per_minibatch):
raise Exception("--trainer.num-chunk-per-minibatch has an invalid value")
if args.chunk_left_context < 0:
raise Exception("--egs.chunk-left-context should be non-negative")
if args.chunk_right_context < 0:
raise Exception("--egs.chunk-right-context should be non-negative")
if args.left_deriv_truncate is not None:
args.deriv_truncate_margin = -args.left_deriv_truncate
logger.warning(
"--chain.left-deriv-truncate (deprecated) is set by user, and "
"--trainer.deriv-truncate-margin is set to negative of that "
"value={0}. We recommend using the option "
"--trainer.deriv-truncate-margin.".format(
args.deriv_truncate_margin))
if (not os.path.exists(args.dir)):
raise Exception("Directory specified with --dir={0} "
"does not exist.".format(args.dir))
if (not os.path.exists(args.dir + "/configs") and
(args.input_model is None or not os.path.exists(args.input_model))):
raise Exception("Either --trainer.input-model option should be supplied, "
"and exist; or the {0}/configs directory should exist."
"".format(args.dir))
# set the options corresponding to args.use_gpu
run_opts = common_train_lib.RunOpts()
if args.use_gpu in ["true", "false"]:
args.use_gpu = ("yes" if args.use_gpu == "true" else "no")
if args.use_gpu in ["yes", "wait"]:
if not common_lib.check_if_cuda_compiled():
logger.warning(
"""You are running with one thread but you have not compiled
for CUDA. You may be running a setup optimized for GPUs.
If you have GPUs and have nvcc installed, go to src/ and do
./configure; make""")
run_opts.train_queue_opt = "--gpu 1"
run_opts.parallel_train_opts = "--use-gpu={}".format(args.use_gpu)
run_opts.combine_queue_opt = "--gpu 1"
run_opts.combine_gpu_opt = "--use-gpu={}".format(args.use_gpu)
else:
logger.warning("Without using a GPU this will be very slow. "
"nnet3 does not yet support multiple threads.")
run_opts.train_queue_opt = ""
run_opts.parallel_train_opts = "--use-gpu=no"
run_opts.combine_queue_opt = ""
run_opts.combine_gpu_opt = "--use-gpu=no"
run_opts.command = args.command
run_opts.egs_command = (args.egs_command
if args.egs_command is not None else
args.command)
return [args, run_opts]
def train(args, run_opts):
""" The main function for training.
Args:
args: a Namespace object with the required parameters
obtained from the function process_args()
run_opts: RunOpts object obtained from the process_args()
"""
arg_string = pprint.pformat(vars(args))
logger.info("Arguments for the experiment\n{0}".format(arg_string))
# Check files
chain_lib.check_for_required_files(args.feat_dir, args.tree_dir,
args.lat_dir if args.egs_dir is None
else None)
# Copy phones.txt from tree-dir to dir. Later, steps/nnet3/decode.sh will
# use it to check compatibility between training and decoding phone-sets.
shutil.copy('{0}/phones.txt'.format(args.tree_dir), args.dir)
# Set some variables.
num_jobs = common_lib.get_number_of_jobs(args.tree_dir)
feat_dim = common_lib.get_feat_dim(args.feat_dir)
ivector_dim = common_lib.get_ivector_dim(args.online_ivector_dir)
ivector_id = common_lib.get_ivector_extractor_id(args.online_ivector_dir)
# split the training data into parts for individual jobs
# we will use the same number of jobs as that used for alignment
common_lib.execute_command("utils/split_data.sh {0} {1}"
"".format(args.feat_dir, num_jobs))
with open('{0}/num_jobs'.format(args.dir), 'w') as f:
f.write(str(num_jobs))
if args.input_model is None:
config_dir = '{0}/configs'.format(args.dir)
var_file = '{0}/vars'.format(config_dir)
variables = common_train_lib.parse_generic_config_vars_file(var_file)
else:
# If args.input_model is specified, the model left and right contexts
# are computed using input_model.
variables = common_train_lib.get_input_model_info(args.input_model)
# Set some variables.
try:
model_left_context = variables['model_left_context']
model_right_context = variables['model_right_context']
except KeyError as e:
raise Exception("KeyError {0}: Variables need to be defined in "
"{1}".format(str(e), '{0}/configs'.format(args.dir)))
left_context = args.chunk_left_context + model_left_context
right_context = args.chunk_right_context + model_right_context
left_context_initial = (args.chunk_left_context_initial + model_left_context if
args.chunk_left_context_initial >= 0 else -1)
right_context_final = (args.chunk_right_context_final + model_right_context if
args.chunk_right_context_final >= 0 else -1)
# Initialize as "raw" nnet, prior to training the LDA-like preconditioning
# matrix. This first config just does any initial splicing that we do;
# we do this as it's a convenient way to get the stats for the 'lda-like'
# transform.
if (args.stage <= -6):
logger.info("Creating phone language-model")
chain_lib.create_phone_lm(args.dir, args.tree_dir, run_opts,
lm_opts=args.lm_opts)
if (args.stage <= -5):
logger.info("Creating denominator FST")
shutil.copy('{0}/tree'.format(args.tree_dir), args.dir)
chain_lib.create_denominator_fst(args.dir, args.tree_dir, run_opts)
if ((args.stage <= -4) and
os.path.exists("{0}/configs/init.config".format(args.dir))
and (args.input_model is None)):
logger.info("Initializing a basic network for estimating "
"preconditioning matrix")
common_lib.execute_command(
"""{command} {dir}/log/nnet_init.log \
nnet3-init --srand=-2 {dir}/configs/init.config \
{dir}/init.raw""".format(command=run_opts.command,
dir=args.dir))
egs_left_context = left_context + args.frame_subsampling_factor // 2
egs_right_context = right_context + args.frame_subsampling_factor // 2
# note: the '+ args.frame_subsampling_factor / 2' is to allow for the
# fact that we'll be shifting the data slightly during training to give
# variety to the training data.
egs_left_context_initial = (left_context_initial +
args.frame_subsampling_factor // 2 if
left_context_initial >= 0 else -1)
egs_right_context_final = (right_context_final +
args.frame_subsampling_factor // 2 if
right_context_final >= 0 else -1)
default_egs_dir = '{0}/egs'.format(args.dir)
if (args.egs_dir is not None) and (args.cmvn_opts != "--norm-means=false --norm-vars=false"):
logger.warning("the --feat.cmvn-opts option has no effect because we are not dumping egs")
if (args.egs_dir is not None) and (args.frames_per_iter != 800000):
logger.warning("the --trainer.frames-per-iter option has no effect because we are not dumping egs")
if ((args.stage <= -3) and args.egs_dir is None):
logger.info("Generating egs")
if (not os.path.exists("{0}/den.fst".format(args.dir)) or
not os.path.exists("{0}/normalization.fst".format(args.dir)) or
not os.path.exists("{0}/tree".format(args.dir))):
raise Exception("Chain egs generation expects {0}/den.fst, "
"{0}/normalization.fst and {0}/tree "
"to exist.".format(args.dir))
# this is where get_egs.sh is called.
chain_lib.generate_chain_egs(
dir=args.dir, data=args.feat_dir,
lat_dir=args.lat_dir, egs_dir=default_egs_dir,
left_context=egs_left_context,
right_context=egs_right_context,
left_context_initial=egs_left_context_initial,
right_context_final=egs_right_context_final,
run_opts=run_opts,
left_tolerance=args.left_tolerance,
right_tolerance=args.right_tolerance,
frame_subsampling_factor=args.frame_subsampling_factor,
alignment_subsampling_factor=args.alignment_subsampling_factor,
frames_per_eg_str=args.chunk_width,
srand=args.srand,
egs_opts=args.egs_opts,
cmvn_opts=args.cmvn_opts,
online_ivector_dir=args.online_ivector_dir,
frames_per_iter=args.frames_per_iter,
stage=args.egs_stage)
if args.egs_dir is None:
egs_dir = default_egs_dir
else:
egs_dir = args.egs_dir
[egs_left_context, egs_right_context,
frames_per_eg_str, num_archives] = (
common_train_lib.verify_egs_dir(egs_dir, feat_dim,
ivector_dim, ivector_id,
egs_left_context, egs_right_context,
egs_left_context_initial,
egs_right_context_final))
assert(args.chunk_width == frames_per_eg_str)
num_archives_expanded = num_archives * args.frame_subsampling_factor
if (args.num_jobs_final > num_archives_expanded):
raise Exception('num_jobs_final cannot exceed the '
'expanded number of archives')
# copy the properties of the egs to dir for
# use during decoding
logger.info("Copying the properties from {0} to {1}".format(egs_dir, args.dir))
common_train_lib.copy_egs_properties_to_exp_dir(egs_dir, args.dir)
if not os.path.exists('{0}/valid_diagnostic.cegs'.format(egs_dir)):
if (not os.path.exists('{0}/valid_diagnostic.scp'.format(egs_dir))):
raise Exception('Neither {0}/valid_diagnostic.cegs nor '
'{0}/valid_diagnostic.scp exist.'
'This script expects one of them.'.format(egs_dir))
use_multitask_egs = True
else:
use_multitask_egs = False
if ((args.stage <= -2) and (os.path.exists(args.dir+"/configs/init.config"))
and (args.input_model is None)):
logger.info('Computing the preconditioning matrix for input features')
chain_lib.compute_preconditioning_matrix(
args.dir, egs_dir, num_archives, run_opts,
max_lda_jobs=args.max_lda_jobs,
rand_prune=args.rand_prune,
use_multitask_egs=use_multitask_egs)
if (args.stage <= -1):
logger.info("Preparing the initial acoustic model.")
chain_lib.prepare_initial_acoustic_model(args.dir, run_opts,
input_model=args.input_model)
with open("{0}/frame_subsampling_factor".format(args.dir), "w") as f:
f.write(str(args.frame_subsampling_factor))
# set num_iters so that as close as possible, we process the data
# $num_epochs times, i.e. $num_iters*$avg_num_jobs) ==
# $num_epochs*$num_archives, where
# avg_num_jobs=(num_jobs_initial+num_jobs_final)/2.
num_archives_to_process = int(args.num_epochs * num_archives_expanded)
num_archives_processed = 0
num_iters = ((num_archives_to_process * 2)
// (args.num_jobs_initial + args.num_jobs_final))
# If do_final_combination is True, compute the set of models_to_combine.
# Otherwise, models_to_combine will be none.
if args.do_final_combination:
models_to_combine = common_train_lib.get_model_combine_iters(
num_iters, args.num_epochs,
num_archives_expanded, args.max_models_combine,
args.num_jobs_final)
else:
models_to_combine = None
min_deriv_time = None
max_deriv_time_relative = None
if args.deriv_truncate_margin is not None:
min_deriv_time = -args.deriv_truncate_margin - model_left_context
max_deriv_time_relative = \
args.deriv_truncate_margin + model_right_context
logger.info("Training will run for {0} epochs = "
"{1} iterations".format(args.num_epochs, num_iters))
for iter in range(num_iters):
if (args.exit_stage is not None) and (iter == args.exit_stage):
logger.info("Exiting early due to --exit-stage {0}".format(iter))
return
current_num_jobs = common_train_lib.get_current_num_jobs(
iter, num_iters,
args.num_jobs_initial, args.num_jobs_step, args.num_jobs_final)
if args.stage <= iter:
model_file = "{dir}/{iter}.mdl".format(dir=args.dir, iter=iter)
lrate = common_train_lib.get_learning_rate(iter, current_num_jobs,
num_iters,
num_archives_processed,
num_archives_to_process,
args.initial_effective_lrate,
args.final_effective_lrate)
shrinkage_value = 1.0 - (args.proportional_shrink * lrate)
if shrinkage_value <= 0.5:
raise Exception("proportional-shrink={0} is too large, it gives "
"shrink-value={1}".format(args.proportional_shrink,
shrinkage_value))
if args.shrink_value < shrinkage_value:
shrinkage_value = (args.shrink_value
if common_train_lib.should_do_shrinkage(
iter, model_file,
args.shrink_saturation_threshold)
else shrinkage_value)
percent = num_archives_processed * 100.0 / num_archives_to_process
epoch = (num_archives_processed * args.num_epochs
/ num_archives_to_process)
shrink_info_str = ''
if shrinkage_value != 1.0:
shrink_info_str = 'shrink: {0:0.5f}'.format(shrinkage_value)
logger.info("Iter: {0}/{1} Jobs: {2} "
"Epoch: {3:0.2f}/{4:0.1f} ({5:0.1f}% complete) "
"lr: {6:0.6f} {7}".format(iter, num_iters - 1,
current_num_jobs,
epoch, args.num_epochs,
percent,
lrate, shrink_info_str))
chain_lib.train_one_iteration(
dir=args.dir,
iter=iter,
srand=args.srand,
egs_dir=egs_dir,
num_jobs=current_num_jobs,
num_archives_processed=num_archives_processed,
num_archives=num_archives,
learning_rate=lrate,
dropout_edit_string=common_train_lib.get_dropout_edit_string(
args.dropout_schedule,
float(num_archives_processed) / num_archives_to_process,
iter),
train_opts=' '.join(args.train_opts),
shrinkage_value=shrinkage_value,
num_chunk_per_minibatch_str=args.num_chunk_per_minibatch,
apply_deriv_weights=args.apply_deriv_weights,
min_deriv_time=min_deriv_time,
max_deriv_time_relative=max_deriv_time_relative,
l2_regularize=args.l2_regularize,
xent_regularize=args.xent_regularize,
leaky_hmm_coefficient=args.leaky_hmm_coefficient,
momentum=args.momentum,
max_param_change=args.max_param_change,
shuffle_buffer_size=args.shuffle_buffer_size,
frame_subsampling_factor=args.frame_subsampling_factor,
run_opts=run_opts,
backstitch_training_scale=args.backstitch_training_scale,
backstitch_training_interval=args.backstitch_training_interval,
use_multitask_egs=use_multitask_egs)
if args.cleanup:
# do a clean up everything but the last 2 models, under certain
# conditions
common_train_lib.remove_model(
args.dir, iter-2, num_iters, models_to_combine,
args.preserve_model_interval)
if args.email is not None:
reporting_iter_interval = num_iters * args.reporting_interval
if iter % reporting_iter_interval == 0:
# lets do some reporting
[report, times, data] = (
nnet3_log_parse.generate_acc_logprob_report(
args.dir, "log-probability"))
message = report
subject = ("Update : Expt {dir} : "
"Iter {iter}".format(dir=args.dir, iter=iter))
common_lib.send_mail(message, subject, args.email)
num_archives_processed = num_archives_processed + current_num_jobs
if args.stage <= num_iters:
if args.do_final_combination:
logger.info("Doing final combination to produce final.mdl")
chain_lib.combine_models(
dir=args.dir, num_iters=num_iters,
models_to_combine=models_to_combine,
num_chunk_per_minibatch_str=args.num_chunk_per_minibatch,
egs_dir=egs_dir,
leaky_hmm_coefficient=args.leaky_hmm_coefficient,
l2_regularize=args.l2_regularize,
xent_regularize=args.xent_regularize,
run_opts=run_opts,
max_objective_evaluations=args.max_objective_evaluations,
use_multitask_egs=use_multitask_egs)
else:
logger.info("Copying the last-numbered model to final.mdl")
common_lib.force_symlink("{0}.mdl".format(num_iters),
"{0}/final.mdl".format(args.dir))
chain_lib.compute_train_cv_probabilities(
dir=args.dir, iter=num_iters, egs_dir=egs_dir,
l2_regularize=args.l2_regularize, xent_regularize=args.xent_regularize,
leaky_hmm_coefficient=args.leaky_hmm_coefficient,
run_opts=run_opts,
use_multitask_egs=use_multitask_egs)
common_lib.force_symlink("compute_prob_valid.{iter}.log"
"".format(iter=num_iters),
"{dir}/log/compute_prob_valid.final.log".format(
dir=args.dir))
if args.cleanup:
logger.info("Cleaning up the experiment directory "
"{0}".format(args.dir))
remove_egs = args.remove_egs
if args.egs_dir is not None:
# this egs_dir was not created by this experiment so we will not
# delete it
remove_egs = False
# leave the last-two-numbered models, for diagnostic reasons.
common_train_lib.clean_nnet_dir(
args.dir, num_iters - 1, egs_dir,
preserve_model_interval=args.preserve_model_interval,
remove_egs=remove_egs)
# do some reporting
[report, times, data] = nnet3_log_parse.generate_acc_logprob_report(
args.dir, "log-probability")
if args.email is not None:
common_lib.send_mail(report, "Update : Expt {0} : "
"complete".format(args.dir), args.email)
with open("{dir}/accuracy.report".format(dir=args.dir), "w") as f:
f.write(report)
common_lib.execute_command("steps/info/chain_dir_info.pl "
"{0}".format(args.dir))
def main():
[args, run_opts] = get_args()
try:
train(args, run_opts)
common_lib.wait_for_background_commands()
except BaseException as e:
# look for BaseException so we catch KeyboardInterrupt, which is
# what we get when a background thread dies.
if args.email is not None:
message = ("Training session for experiment {dir} "
"died due to an error.".format(dir=args.dir))
common_lib.send_mail(message, message, args.email)
if not isinstance(e, KeyboardInterrupt):
traceback.print_exc()
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()